{"id":40314,"date":"2025-10-24T13:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/?p=40314"},"modified":"2026-03-16T11:26:11","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T10:26:11","slug":"china-limits-rare-earth-exports-commentary-by-prof-przemyslaw-skulski-wueb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/china-limits-rare-earth-exports-commentary-by-prof-przemyslaw-skulski-wueb\/","title":{"rendered":"China limits rare earth exports: commentary by Prof. Przemys\u0142aw Skulski (WUEB)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-fba3a3af wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-column-is-layout-fd2b50d3 wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>China is tightening controls on rare earth exports \u2014 a move that resonates far beyond raw materials. As Prof. Przemys\u0142aw Skulski of the Wroclaw University of Economics and Business points out, the real chokepoint isn\u2019t mining: it\u2019s refining. Europe\u2019s response will hinge on accelerating the CRMA agenda, scaling recycling, and rebuilding processing capacity at home and with trusted partners.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"The entire image is divided into two parts. On the right is a photo of the author of the text and the caption Dr. Przemys\u0142aw Skulski. On the left is the Chinese flag against a background of rare earth metals.\" class=\"wp-image-40284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2025\/10\/Skulski_Chiny-ograniczaja-eksport-metali-ziem-rzadkich.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong><strong>The bottleneck that matters: refining, not mining<\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It\u2019s a common misconception that rare earths are \u201crare\u201d because deposits are scarce. They aren\u2019t. The scarcity lies in the complex, capital-intensive, and environmentally challenging refinement and separation processes. China controls roughly 40% of known deposits \u2014 but up to 90% of global refining and separation capacity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This asymmetry gives Beijing a decisive lever over downstream industries: EV motors, wind turbines, advanced electronics, defense systems, and high-performance magnets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Disruptions in refined oxides or magnet materials cascade quickly into manufacturing timelines and costs across multiple sectors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-default is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0px;border-right-style:none;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-style:none;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1);border-left-width:4px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cIn the longer term we can secure access without China \u2014 but it will be neither quick nor cheap,\u201d says Prof. Skulski. The core challenge is not replacing ore; it is replacing the industrial ecosystem that turns ore into high-purity materials at scale.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>Diversification in practice: Australia, Canada, Brazil, Vietnam \u2014 and recycling<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alternatives exist and are expanding. New and upgraded projects in Australia and Canada, Brazil and Vietnam as well as emerging refining initiatives in allied economies, are rebuilding capacity outside China. At the same time, recycling is moving from a \u201cnice-to-have\u201d to a strategic necessity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Priority streams: end-of-life magnets (EVs, wind turbines, HDDs), e-waste, industrial scrap, and \u2014 in some geographies \u2014 coal ash and red mud as potential secondary sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reality check: ramping these pathways requires patient capital, specialized skills, reliable feedstock logistics, and environmental permits aligned with best practices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe conveniently relied on a single supplier for years. Today is a lesson in diversification and rebuilding processing capabilities,\u201d adds Prof. Skulski. Companies that start now will be better positioned when supply tightens or prices swing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>CRMA as Europe\u2019s framework \u2014 but time is tight<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The EU\u2019s Critical Raw Materials Act sets clear targets for mining, processing, and recycling by 2030, alongside strategic projects and reduced dependency on single suppliers. It is the right framework \u2014 yet execution will decide the outcome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What acceleration looks like: fast-track permitting for strategic processing projects, public\u2013private co-investment in separation and magnet value chains, and pan-European coordination on recycling standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poland\u2019s role: with strong industrial base and research capabilities, Poland is well-placed to host processing projects and build skills pipelines for the rare-earths supply chain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tangible results are likely toward the end of the decade \u2014 if projects reach final investment decision now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>What business should do now<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For manufacturers, the shift from just-in-time to just-in-case is no longer theoretical. Concrete steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Diversify suppliers across ore, refined oxides, and magnets; avoid single-point dependence in sub-tier vendors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Secure volume through longer-term offtake agreements, with flexibility clauses for recycled content.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Build strategic buffers of critical components where feasible and economically justified.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Invest in design-for-recycling and closed-loop programs with tier-1 and tier-2 suppliers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Map sub-tier exposure to refining steps \u2014 not just to country-of-origin of the ore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These measures turn geopolitical risk into manageable operational planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>Why this matters beyond materials<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rare earths underpin the energy transition, digital infrastructure, and advanced manufacturing. Export controls and licensing regimes are not just trade news \u2014 they shape the cost curves and timelines of EV adoption, renewable buildout, and industrial competitiveness. For Europe, reducing structural dependence is not optional; it is a prerequisite for strategic autonomy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>Key takeaways<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The constraint is refining and separation \u2014 the hardest part of the chain \u2014 where China dominates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diversification is feasible but multi-year; recycling and allied capacity are central to resilience.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CRMA provides the policy scaffolding \u2014 execution speed will determine Europe\u2019s leverage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Businesses should shift to long-term sourcing, buffers, and circularity to mitigate shocks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Interview aired by Polskie Radio Szczecin<br><a href=\"https:\/\/radioszczecin.pl\/276,14653,chiny-nie-chca-sprzedawac-zachodowi-metali-ziem-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/radioszczecin.pl\/276,14653,chiny-nie-chca-sprzedawac-zachodowi-metali-ziem-<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>More expert analyses from WUEB: badania.uew.pl\/en<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Author: Justyna Morawska-P\u0142oskonka<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns block-main-events is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-44712903 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">See similar content<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-post-grid uagb-post-grid  uagb-post__image-position-top uagb-post__image-enabled uagb-block-c534e230     uagb-post__items uagb-post__columns-4 is-grid uagb-post__columns-tablet-2 uagb-post__columns-mobile-1 uagb-post__equal-height\" data-total=\"19\" style=\"\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-13-19-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Week with WUEB experts. 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On the right, a photo of Miros\u0142aw Moroz.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-391x260.png 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/duties-on-parcels-from-china-changes-to-e-commerce\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Duties on Parcels from China: Changes to E-commerce\u00a0<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-6-12-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Week with WUEB experts. 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class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/why-do-cities-need-urban-logistics\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-768x513.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"na pierwszym planie rower cargo do rozwo\u017cenia przesy\u0142ek we Wroc\u0142awiu MicroHub\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-768x513.webp 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-1024x684.webp 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-391x260.webp 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-1536x1025.webp 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-2048x1367.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/why-do-cities-need-urban-logistics\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Why do cities need urban logistics?<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns news-four-column is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3534481f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-post-grid uagb-post-grid  uagb-post__image-position-top uagb-post__image-enabled uagb-block-1ff73c89     uagb-post__items uagb-post__columns-4 is-grid uagb-post__columns-tablet-2 uagb-post__columns-mobile-1 uagb-post__equal-height\" data-total=\"26\" style=\"\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-13-19-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Week with WUEB experts. Commentary, projects and achievements \u2013 a review of key activities\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-13-19-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">WUEB Experts Weekly Review: Research, Projects and Academic Successes (13\u201319 July 2026)<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/international-research-visitors-at-the-wroclaw-university-of-economics-and-business-summer-2025-cohort\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Decorative image. Photos of PROM participants and logos.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/International-Research-Visitors-at-the-Wroclaw.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/international-research-visitors-at-the-wroclaw-university-of-economics-and-business-summer-2025-cohort\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">International Research Visitors at the Wroclaw University of Economics and Business &#8211; Summer 2025 Cohort<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/duties-on-parcels-from-china-changes-to-e-commerce\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Decorative image. On the left, inscriptions: New tariffs on parcels from China &quot;This is an attempt to level the playing field for European e-commerce.&quot; Dr. Miros\u0142aw Moroz, professor at UEW. On the right, a photo of Miros\u0142aw Moroz.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-391x260.png 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Duties-on-Parcels-from-China-Changes-to-E-commerce-1.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/duties-on-parcels-from-china-changes-to-e-commerce\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Duties on Parcels from China: Changes to E-commerce\u00a0<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/professor-sulich-to-study-green-jobs-under-zawacka-nawa\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Decorative image. On the top left, the UEW logo; at the bottom, the Zawacka NAWA logo and the text: Dr. Eng. Adam Sulich, Prof. UEW. Zawacka NAWA program. A six-month stay in the Czech Republic. On the right, a photograph of Adam Sulich.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-391x260.png 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Professor-Sulich-to-Study-Green-Jobs-under-Zawacka-NAWA.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/professor-sulich-to-study-green-jobs-under-zawacka-nawa\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Dr in\u017c. Adam Sulich to Study Green Jobs under Zawacka NAWA<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-6-12-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Week with WUEB experts. Commentary, projects and achievements \u2013 a review of key activities\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-6-12-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">WUEB Experts Weekly Review: Research, Projects and Academic Successes (6-12 July 2026)<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/what-happens-to-banks-when-risk-rises-dr-marta-karas-wins-nbp-presidents-award\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Decorative picture. A photo of Marta Kara\u015b and the inscription \u201cFirst Prize from the President of the National Bank of Poland for Dr. Marta Kara\u015b\u201d\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/Aktualnosci-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/what-happens-to-banks-when-risk-rises-dr-marta-karas-wins-nbp-presidents-award\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">What happens to banks when risk rises? Dr Marta Kara\u015b wins NBP President\u2019s Award<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/why-do-cities-need-urban-logistics\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-768x513.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"na pierwszym planie rower cargo do rozwo\u017cenia przesy\u0142ek we Wroc\u0142awiu MicroHub\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-768x513.webp 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-1024x684.webp 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-391x260.webp 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-1536x1025.webp 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/07\/UEW_mikrohub_nfmDSC_3849_logo-2048x1367.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/why-do-cities-need-urban-logistics\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Why do cities need urban logistics?<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-29-june-5-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-2-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"Week with WUEB experts. Commentary, projects and achievements \u2013 a review of key activities\" srcset=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-391x260.jpg 391w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2026\/03\/Tydzien-z-ekspertami-UEW.-Komentarze-projekty-i-sukcesy-\u2013-przeglad-najwazniejszych-aktywnosci.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/badania.uew.pl\/en\/wueb-experts-weekly-review-research-projects-and-academic-successes-29-june-5-july-2026\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">WUEB Experts Weekly Review: Research, Projects and Academic Successes (29 June\u20135 July 2026)<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>China is tightening controls on rare earth exports \u2014 a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":40287,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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is tightening controls on rare earth exports \u2014 a [&hellip;]","publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-07-21 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